To promote consistency and full coverage of Harvard & Vancouver styles for all types of references, the library recommends
Cite them write: the essential referencing guide. 11th edn. London: Red Globe Press. Find it on the shelf at 808.027 P361 2019.
Referencing the work of others is a fundamental requirement for any research assignment. Failure to acknowledge the ideas of others is considered plagiarism.
This guide covers Harvard & Vancouver referencing styles. These are the styles you are most often required to use on your assignments at the Medical School. Please consult with your lecturers about which format to use. The style used may depend on the assignment format, e.g., a PowerPoint presentation vs. a research paper.
Referencing Terminology
An in-text citation is the brief format used to acknowledge the source of the idea that you used within your assignment.
- Harvard style uses (Author last name, date) format for citing within your research paper, e.g., The introduction of the Pap test (Papanicolaou, 1954) was a major contribution to ...
- Vancouver style uses numbers in brackets (1) or superscript numbers in the text to refer to source listed at the end of text, e.g., ...as described by Papanicolau in 19541
A Reference List or End-text Citation List provides the full details of the source you have briefly cited in your paper so that the reader can locate the idea/information you have used.
- In Harvard style full citations are listed alphabetically by author at the end of your paper.
- In Vancouver style full citations are listed at the end of your paper in number order.
